郭永章 Guo Yongzhang
中国 China
时间 Time
2018.5.20 20:00 - 21:00
场地 Venue
华侨城创意文化园北区B10现场 B10 Live, North District of OCT-LOFT
演出者 Artist
郭永章 Guo Yongzhang - 坠胡 Zhuihu / 坠梆 Zhuibang / 人声 Vocals
郭永章，1945年生，山东菏泽牡丹区苏道沟村人，民间坠子大师。老郭双目几近失明，唱坠子时自己拉坠胡伴奏，脚踏坠梆击节，唱腔高亢酣畅，声情并茂，乡音如醉，善于在坠子书中融入山东梆子、山东枣梆等特色唱腔。
老郭出身贫苦，从小就视力不好。家里粮食不够吃，他就跟随父母到邻村乞讨维生，也正是在这段时期，他接触到了坠子戏。老郭为坠子的独特魅力而痴迷不已，他靠着做苦力攒下的钱，从剧团买下了一把二手坠胡，开始自己摸索演奏。刻苦的老郭很快就能演唱一些小段，但因为家里穷拿不出拜师的钱，再加上视力不断恶化，他一次次失去学习坠子的机会，而学坠子讲究师承，否则难以得到乡里人的认可。直到他17岁那年，才有一个坠子戏师傅勉强收下了他，他便从此刻苦学习，演唱坠子，直至今日。
河南坠子因主要伴奏乐器为“坠子弦”（今称坠胡）而得名，主要流行于河南各地及其毗邻省市，现已被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。老郭的坠子属东路坠子，唱词多为劝说世人敬老重义行善，又兼顾幽默风趣。而在坠子演唱中，他唱腔多用花腔，变化多端，悠扬动听，淳朴感人，在苏鲁豫皖交界农村城镇很有市场，如今在当地提起郭永章，更是妇孺皆知。他演唱的《罗成算卦》、《吹牛》、《拉荆笆》、《老来难》、《报母恩》、《十大劝》、《龙三姐拜寿》、《吕洞宾戏牡丹》、《郭举埋儿》等曲目风靡鲁、豫等地，人们百听不厌，使他逐渐成为民间公认的坠子大师。
几十年来，老郭游走于民间，走村串乡演奏坠子，一唱就是一天。随着年龄的增长，老郭也自知唱不了几年了。曲艺传授历来讲求口传心授、以身作教，而他遗憾的是现在几乎没人愿意学唱坠子戏了。老郭担心坠子戏会失传。
Born in 1945, Guo Yongzhang is a true maestro of Henan Zhuizi, a traditional Chinese talking-singing art that has a history of over 100 years. Almost blind, he plays Zhuihu and Zhuibang to accompany his own singing. His vocal style is peculiar, resounding yet smooth, adopting various types of arias from traditional local operas such as Shandong Bangzi and Shandong Zaobang, and he always sings with deep feelings and great verve.
Originated in Henan, Zhuizi is included in the national intangible cultural heritage list and has been popular in Henan and its nearby regions. Its main accompaniment musical instrument is Zhuihu, a two-stringed bowed instrument made of wood, and secondly the Zhuibang, a wooden percussion played with foot tapping. Since Zhuihu has a wide diapason with a soft sound and relatively high volume, the performer can use it to imitate the voice of human and animals.
Guo was born with bad eyesight. Growing up in poverty, he never had enough food and had been living on begging in the nearby village with his parents. It was during that period he discovered Zhuizi for the first time, and was so obsessed with its unique charm that he decided to learn playing by himself. He bought a second-hand Zhuihu from the local opera troupe with wages from hard physical labor, and soon managed to play some short pieces by hard practice. However, it was still difficult for him to gain respect from the local folks without training under the traditional master-apprentice system that he couldn’t afford, and even worse, his eyesight went worse and worse to nearly blind. Not until he turns 17 was he reluctantly accepted by a Zhuizi master and has been assiduously learning and playing until now.
Lyrics of Guo’s Zhuizi are about respecting the old, valuing the righteousness and compassion, while keeping a sense of humor. Today, he is widely-known in the border region of Suzhou, Shandong, Henan and Anhui, and is commonly regarded as a Zhuizi master.
Guo has been playing among people tirelessly for decades. As he ages, Guo knows there is not much time left for him, and he feels sorry that nowadays only few people want to learn Zhuizi. He is worried that this precious art form would disappear someday.